Every five years, the EPA conducts a review of the Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. Superfund site. The Superfund law requires regular checkups of sites that have been cleaned up - with waste managed on site - to make sure the cleanup continues to protect people and the environment. The sixth five-year review was completed in June 2021.

The report’s protectiveness statement states: “The remedy at the site currently protects human health and the environment because drinking water affected by site-related contamination is being treated prior to use.” Read the full report.

So that there was an opportunity for comment, the notice "EPA begins review of the Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. Superfund site" was submitted for publication in the July 9, 2020, edition of the St. Louis Park Sun Sailor, the city's official newspaper. It included information about how to contact the EPA with concerns.

July 2020: The city was notified July 23, 2020, that the amended consent decree and remedial action plan (CD-RAP) was approved by the U.S. District Court. While a 60-day appeal period remains, this marks the successful conclusion of a seven-year effort by the city to update the CD-RAP and to continue to ensure the health and safety of residents.

The final paragraph of the Order read, “The Court has presided over this matter for nearly 40 years. The Court approved the original consent decree and continues to believe that the consent decree was a fair, reasonable, and more than adequate resolution of the environmental response and remediation requirements at the Reilly Tar site. The proposed amended consent decree continues the obligations and responsibilities of the original while updating the language and the science, both of which are imminently necessary after more than three decades. The Court therefore finds that the proposed amended consent decree is fair, reasonable, and adequate. In addition, it is consistent with the environmental laws and with the public interest. The Court therefore will grant the government’s request to enter the proposed amended consent decree.”

November 2019: A notice of lodging of the amended consent decree was published in the Federal Register, which started a 30-day comment period that ended Dec. 12, 2019. Visit the United States Department of Justice for the notice and for the amended consent decree.

August 2019: The St. Louis Park City Council approved an amended consent decree and remedial action plan (CD-RAP) for Reilly Tar, which will replace the 1986 consent decree. The amended CD-RAP provides greater flexibility for the city and regulatory agencies to follow the most current drinking water quality standards and to make modifications as needed to groundwater pumping and treatment. This is a major step in the 30-year journey of addressing the contamination left behind by Reilly Tar, and in ensuring the health and safety of residents. Read the city council report. Once the amended CD-RAP is signed by all parties, it will be filed with U.S. District Court for final approval.

November 2018: As part of the process for the amended consent decree, a public meeting for residents living near the site was held in November 2018. Watch the public meeting.

From 1917 to 1972, Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. distilled coal tar and treated wood products at a plant known as Republic Creosoting, located near the intersection of Louisiana Avenue and Highway 7 in St. Louis Park. Wastes containing coal tar and its distillation byproducts were discharged directly into a ditch that ran the length of the site. These wastes then flowed into a peat bog on the southern portion of the site. An oil-water separator was installed in 1940, but Republic Creosoting Company continued to discharge contaminated waste into the peat bog for the duration of the company's operations at the site.

The soil elsewhere on the site also became contaminated from coal tar and creosote that dripped from leaky pipes, various process materials that spilled during transport and creosote wood preserving chemicals that washed off freshly treated lumber. Historical records suggest there were more than a dozen wells on the site, with depths varying from 50 to more than 900 feet. Over time, creosote and waste materials likely seeped down several of these wells (either directly from the surface or via multi-aquifer transfer) and contaminated the groundwater.

The main pollutant is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs, which contaminated soil at the site, a nearby wetland and groundwater under the site. PAHs are a group of chemicals created by the incomplete burning of organic materials like coal, oil, gas and garbage. View the EPA's Reilly site fact sheet.

The City of St. Louis Park bought the site from Reilly Industries in 1972. At the time, the state of Minnesota was suing Reilly Industries over pollution discharge issues. The sales agreement included a "hold harmless" clause for soil and water impurities, partially indemnifying Reilly Industries from liability. By this time, creosote and creosote wastes had migrated directly into four underlying aquifers, contaminating the groundwater with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are a group of chemicals created by the incomplete burning of organic materials like coal, oil, gas and garbage. The contaminants eventually spread to private wells and municipal ground water sources.

After acquiring the site in 1972, the city demolished the Republic Creosoting Company buildings, and over the next decade built residential buildings on the northern end of the site. A major north-south boulevard, Louisiana Avenue, and storm water drainage improvements were also built.

In 1978, the state of Minnesota shut down several public drinking water wells in the vicinity of the site, and the city instituted a water conservation program due to daily shortages of clean, drinkable water. In 1979, 28 multi-aquifer wells were either reconstructed or abandoned to prevent the spread of contamination in ground water. By the time, many community residents had become extremely concerned with the quality of the drinking water.

To understand the cleanup of water at the Reilly site, it’s useful to know the difference between a drinking water well and a source control well.

• Drinking water wells that are part of the Reilly cleanup pump large volumes of water that is treated before use. St. Louis Park drinking water wells are identified by the letters “SLP.”
• Source control wells are used to pump and treat groundwater and control the spread of the contamination and can be identified by the letter “W” before the number. Water from source control wells is treated and discharged into either the sanitary sewer or into Minnehaha Creek - NOT into the drinking water system.

In 1982, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provided funds to the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) to clean out two contaminated wells. The site was listed on the National Priorities List in 1983. In 1984, a record of decision was issued requiring Reilly Industries, the potentially responsible party, to build a granular-activated carbon (GAC) treatment plant for two existing contaminated municipal wells (SLP 10 and SLP 15) and assist with containing the contaminant plume from reaching other municipal wells by building a source control system in the upper aquifers.

Reilly Industries eventually came forward with a practical, cost-effective remediation plan that expedited the cleanup and reuse process. Reilly's plan led to a settlement of the lawsuit over liability and a 1986 agreement between all parties for remediating the site. Under the settlement, the city agreed to share the responsibility for operating and maintaining the municipal water treatment plants and performing long-term ground water monitoring. The city regularly takes water quality samples from a large network of groundwater monitoring wells. EPA, MPCA and MDH oversee the city’s groundwater monitoring and ensure treatment remains effective.

The Reilly plant was demolished in 1972 and the site was leveled. Anecdotal evidence suggests the city brought in topsoil in order to establish grass and the Reilly Site was used as a park as soon as the creosote plant was gone. This early topsoil cover, and subsequent soil cover brought in more recently, was tapered to meet the grade established by a lined storm water pond, by Louisiana Avenue north of Walker Street and by other paved areas at the site.

Volume and thickness of this original soil cover are unknown, but an exposure of the fill near well W23 was described in ERTs 1983 Reilly Site report (Appendix B, page B13). That description included approximately six inches of topsoil overlying soil containing obvious contamination.

Based on observations during the 2015 trail construction project, and a visual reconnaissance of the site as a whole, the soil cover is not less than six inches and is more typically one to two feet thick throughout the Reilly site, with the exception of the athletic fields and an area known as “Mount Reilly” (southwest corner of site). View the soil cover map.

• The soil cover placed on the athletic fields in 2002 exceeds three feet in thickness. The fields are equipped with irrigation systems and lighting. The borings excavated for light standards showed three feet or more of soil cover at every location. The fields were constructed to promote drainage for the irrigation systems and provide optimum growing conditions for the field turf.
• The city’s Nov. 14, 1978, Status Report to the MPCA stated that 60,000 cubic yards of soil was relocated to the southwest corner of the Reilly site from northern portions of the site. The relocated soil contained obvious contamination that was not suitable for construction of the condominium building and the mound of relocated soil became known as “Mount Reilly.” Review of a 1982 air photo and topographical map (ERT, 1983) showed a mound about 15 feet high, with an area of about 7500 square yards. The 60,000 cubic yard volume of relocated soil would create an amount approximately six to eight feet high over 7500 square yards; therefore, the 15-foot height in 1982 likely included an appreciable thickness of soil cover. Anecdotal evidence also indicates that routine additions to the soil cover were made to fight erosion. In 2012, a significant addition was made to the northern and northeastern flanks of Mt. Reilly when soil from the St. Louis Park High School football field was brought to the site. This project added more than three feet of fill in some areas; the fill was tapered to meet the existing grade of nearby asphalt walking paths.

The only place on the Reilly site where there is no fill to cover the ground surface that was left after demolition of the creosote plant is the tree-covered mound in the central portion of the site, where the plant office building was located. A stone curb is visible at that location. The city has top-dressed all other portions of the site to establish a vegetative cover.

The private owners of residential properties at the Reilly site weren’t contacted to determine if any additions to the soil cover were made on those properties. If nothing else, the housing added to the extent of impermeable cover at the site.

It’s estimated that approximately 25 acres or 30 percent of the Reilly site is covered by impermeable cover in the form of streets, driveways, parking areas, asphalt paths, buildings and the lined stormwater pond.

(Information provided by Bill Gregg, a professional geologist and a program manager in the St. Paul, Minn., office of Summit Envirosolutions. He has more than 38 years of experience in completing environmental assessment and remediation projects worldwide. Mr. Gregg was the program manager for two Remedial Investigations and Feasibility Studies and related projects at the Reilly Superfund site. He assisted the City of St. Louis Park with the redevelopment and maintenance of portions of the site.)

Redeveloping this property was important to the city's growth as a Minneapolis suburb, primarily because St. Louis Park has little land available for new construction other than previously used property. Ultimately, a strong commitment to redevelopment and a willingness to take risks by investing in a contaminated property were key factors to overcoming impediments to reuse. These efforts resulted in construction of a large apartment complex on the south end of the site and an office complex on the east side of the site.

In 2002, the city built a recreational park to complement the residential housing on the north and south ends of the site. Today, community members enjoy walking trails, a playground, athletic fields, a new park building, and a pond that provides wildlife habitats. The site is now a place where community members can gather to enjoy the amenities the city has worked so hard to create. Read an EPA fact sheet about redevelopment.

The city invests about $500,000 per year into ensuring the ongoing safety of both the water and the soil at the Reilly site. The city undertook this cost because city leaders wanted to do the right thing and ensure that the site was cleaned up and taken care of properly.

EPA conducts five-year reviews of the site to determine if the remedy for the site still protects people and the environment. The reviews identify issues and recommend how to resolve them. Five five-year reviews have been done so far: in 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, with the fifth five-year review in 2016 (provided below). Recommended actions have been completed or are in progress, and EPA has determined that the cleanup is still working.

• Water Treatment Plant 4 (SLP4) was taken out of service at the of 2016 after testing showed that while some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) - unrelated to the Reilly site - were being reduced, others were still increasing. The agencies and the city agreed to pump an extra 341 million gallons of water from wells SLP10 and/or SLP15 to make up for the loss of pumping at SLP4. That amount is the annual volume of water that the 1986 CD-RAP required to be pumped at well SLP4. Water Treatment Plant 4 was returned to service in early 2019.
• Fifth Five-Year Review Report for Reilly Tar and Chemical Corp. (St. Louis Park Plant) Superfund Site

Any work that involves digging in contaminated areas of the Reilly site must first be approved by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Work plans must include safe handling of any waste or contaminated soil that’s found and air monitoring to protect workers and nearly residents if waste or contaminated soil is encountered.

• Work began in mid-December 2021 to replace and relocate several wells at three locations, and to add a new well. The wells are needed to monitor the Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. site and for volatile organic compound (VOC) monitoring and sampling related both to Reilly and to the Highway 100/County Road 3 Groundwater Plume. Relocation work is due to Southwest Light Rail Transit construction in the Wooddale and Hwy. 7 area, as well as redevelopment of property on the northeast corner of Wooddale and 36th Avenue (previously Nash Frame). The new well is being installed as part of a pilot study with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The pilot will determine if a new well can replace four wells previously used to treat and discharge groundwater from the Reilly site into the sanitary sewer or Minnehaha Creek. This well location was carefully selected based on the results of three years of data analysis by the MPCA and EPA. Work is expected to take 2 – 3 weeks. Wells are being installed by Traut Companies, with oversight from Summit Environmental. Trailers and equipment are staged at the municipal parking lot on Gorham Avenue and 1st Street in the Historic Walker Lake area. Contact Jay Hall at jhall@stlouisparkmn.gov or 952.924.2557 with questions.
• On June 10, 2020, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) notified the City of St. Louis Park of its approval of a site investigation work plan submitted by Braun Intertec on behalf of Helix Apartments (formerly Avana on Seven) at 7400 Hwy. 7. The work plan includes placement of one soil probe in a portion of the northeastern area of Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. Superfund site, for the purpose of collecting soil and groundwater samples. Any disturbance of soil in this area requires MPCA approval. City staff are not involved in the work or the approval of the work plan.
• Water Treatment Plant 4 (SLP4) was completed and put back in service in January 2019. The water treatment plant's new configuration represents a milestone in itself, as the PAH treatment (granular activated carbon vessels) associated with the Reilly contaminants were removed because the agencies (EPA, MPCA and MDH) agreed they were no longer needed.
• At its Dec. 18, 2017, regular meeting, the St. Louis Park City Council authorized execution of a contract with Summit Envirosolutions for 2018 consultant services related to the implementation of the Reilly Tar & Chemical Corporation (Reilly) Consent Decree/Remedial Action Plan (CD/RAP). The services provided under the consultant contract are necessary to ensure the city's compliance with the Reilly Consent Decree. This is an annual contract for the technical services necessary to comply with the sampling, analysis and reporting requirements of the Reilly Consent Decree. The contract also includes assisting the city in negotiating with the agencies (EPA, MPCA and MDH).
• Recent progress includes amending the CD-RAP, accepting the use of modern drinking water criteria and switching from groundwater pumping to monitored natural attenuation in the shallow aquifers. Monitoring results compared to the new drinking water criteria show fewer exceedances than in past years. No drinking water wells exceed drinking water standards for any of the chemicals associated with the Reilly site. The city and the MPCA are working with a local laboratory to conduct all water testing required for monitoring the Reilly site; previously samples were shipped priority overnight to an out-of-state laboratory. View the 2017 Annual Monitoring Report
• Comcast has hired MP Nexlevel to install new communication cables to the housing properties on the Reilly site. A construction plan was submitted to the MPCA and EPA in accordance with the CD-RAP. The work is expected to be completed in the fall of 2018.
• In the summer of 2015, a pedestrian bridge and trail were modified at Louisiana Oaks Park along the west side of Louisiana Avenue. Although mitigation of the site was completed many years ago, this new project raised questions among residents and as a result the EPA, MDH, MPCA and the city held a public meeting in November 2015 to address residents’ concerns and answer questions about the site. Documents from this meeting are below.
• EPA fact sheet
• Contact list (updated November 2018)
• Reilly site timeline

In March 2016, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) released a report that provides an accurate and complete profile on cancer occurrence among St. Louis Park residents. This detailed study encompasses 20 years of cancer data and firmly establishes that overall cancer incidence and mortality rates in St. Louis Park are virtually identical to cancer rates in the Twin Cities Metro area.

Is the drinking water in St. Louis Park safe?

YES! The drinking water in St. Louis Park is safe. Providing safe drinking water is the most important public duty we as a city have to our residents, and we take that duty very seriously. St. Louis Park's drinking water is regularly tested and must meet the drinking water standards set by the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, a requirement of any public water system. The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) enforces these drinking water standards for public water supplies in Minnesota. MDH enforcement is based on the regular testing and monitoring of drinking water from public water supplies. Results of this testing are available to each consumer through an annual consumer confidence report which is distributed via mail each year to every household in St. Louis Park, and is available on the city website. Although it is not necessary to use additional filtration methods in your home, several different filtration systems can be purchased at home improvement stores or water filtration/supply companies. In October 2016, the MDH released a drinking water report intended to provide and explain drinking water quality data in St. Louis Park.

The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) announced that a review has prompted changes to their water sampling procedures. What effect does that have on St. Louis Park's water sampling results?

In its news release, MDH stated, "The concern involves the holding temperature of water samples taken to determine the presence of organic chemicals, such as fertilizers, solvents and common household chemicals. The issue also potentially involves samples taken to determine the presence of inorganic compounds for which holding temperature may be an issue-specifically, cyanide and nitrite (a substance related to but not identical to nitrate).

Levels of nitrate and nitrite in St. Louis Park water are consistently far below acceptable limits so any sampling issues wouldn't affect the water residents drink. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a part of the sampling issue announced by MDH; fortunately, the City of St. Louis Park conducts its own quarterly VOC sampling of its water. Those quarterly samplings were performed correctly with proper holding temperatures by city staff and Minnesota Valley Testing and consistently show VOCs within acceptable limits, so again any sampling issues at MDH wouldn't affect residents' drinking water. It's important to note that the presence of VOCs in the water supply is not unique to St. Louis Park; a few other metro cities also employ treatment methods for VOCs. A September 2015 MDH news release briefly touched on this, and showed another case where St. Louis Park's independent testing was useful in ensuring VOC levels were within acceptable limits. St. Louis Park residents can be assured that when they turn on their tap they are receiving safe water that is carefully monitored and tested.

Is vapor intrusion a concern at the site?

Between 2011 and 2014, the EPA conducted an extensive study into possible vapor intrusion from site contamination on properties on and near the site. Vapor intrusion occurs when chemicals, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in groundwater give off dangerous gases that can seep into buildings through foundation cracks and holes, causing unsafe indoor air pollution. The EPA and its contractors took samples from indoor air, soil gas beneath the basements and foundations and background soil gas samples off-site. This sampling showed no danger to people from vapor intrusion. Any contamination detected in indoor air was below or within the EPA’s acceptable ranges. The MDH provides information about vapor intrusion

• MDH: Public Health Concerns from Vapor Intrusion (St. Louis Park)

The city hosts edible gardens at the Reilly site. Is produce from the gardens safe to eat?

In 2015, two edible garden beds were planted at Louisiana Oaks Park. These gardens were planted in raised beds that contained additional fill above the ground. All plants in the beds were standard vegetable plants that, given the growing season and species of plant, would not have root growth greater than 1.5 feet.

However, the city has removed these garden beds and is created a raised bed garden. The new gardens are built of cedar (not treated) planks and are 6 inches off the ground with garden soil separated from existing park soil, which means plant roots will not touch the park soil beneath the boxes. A barrier isn't needed with the new gardens since garden soils and park soils won't be in contact, but one was added to suppress weed growth. Soil that is added to the gardens is tested at the University of Minnesota. Vegetables from the garden will be as safe as those grown in any other residential raised bed garden site.

Where can I find all of the documents associated with the Reilly site, including the consent decree?

In addition to an information repository housed at St. Louis Park Library, 3240 Library Lane, the EPA also maintains an online administrative record collection. The consent decree is located within the collection, which also includes documents from the EPA, state agencies, the city, local newspapers and many other documents related to the history of the site.

Aquifer

An aquifer is a geological formation capable of yielding a significant amount of water to a drinking water well or spring. Several aquifers are underneath the Reilly Tar site: the Glacial Drift, Platteville, St. Peter, Prairie du Chien/Jordan, Ironton/Galesville and Mt. Simon/Hinkley. [Source: EPA flyer from November 2015 meeting]

Vapor intrusion

Occurs when chemicals such as volatile organic compounds in groundwater give off dangerous gases that can seep into buildings through foundation cracks and holes, causing unsafe indoor air pollution.

VOCs

Volatile organic compounds

For more information about the Reilly site, visit the EPA's website, or visit the St. Louis Park Public Library, 3240 Library Lane, (site files are located here for public use).

On Nov. 28, 2018, the City of St. Louis Park hosted a presentation about the successful environmental cleanup efforts related to the former 80-acre Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. (Reilly) site over the past 30 years, as well as plans to continue these efforts for the next 30 years. Watch a recording of the presentation and the Q&A.

Other meetings hosted by the city included "Understanding Your Drinking Water" on June 28, 2016, and "Understanding the Reilly Superfund Site" on July 27, 2016.